Every year, immigrant workers enter Québec’s labour force, thus changing the demographic and ethnocultural composition of workplaces. In order to better understand the employment characteristics of immigrants that could have implications for preventing occupational injuries, researchers analyzed quantitative studies that documented the distinctive features of work performed by immigrants and the risks to their health and safety. The authors also analyzed the content of population surveys that could provide information on the risks to the OHS of immigrant workers.

Several differences between immigrant and native-born Canadian workers were reported. From the start, immigrants find it more difficult to integrate into the workforce than people born in Canada. Recognition of their experience, qualifications, certificates and degrees, in addition to linguistic barriers—all are factors that can add to these difficulties. A number of studies report few or no differences in some work and employment conditions (training, moonlighting, business size, etc.), but the findings vary depending on the variables considered, the methodology chosen and the source of data used. Other studies show that immigrants are more exposed to certain factors (physically demanding job, type of work schedule, etc.) associated with occupational injury risk. The study also revealed that certain variables (duration of residence, occupation, sector of economic activity, type of employment relationship, etc.) could be useful in identifying the most vulnerable groups.